ADVANCES IN PRECISION MEDICINE FOR TYPE 2 DIABETES: INTEGRATING GENOMIC, EPIGENETIC, AND METABOLOMIC DATA FOR PERSONALIZED THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global health problem that has heterogeneous disease progression and response to therapy. Precision medicine using multi-omics data such as genomics, epigenetics, and metabolomics is promising for the development of customized therapies. The present review examines these omic technologies in integration, particularly in stratifying patients, discovering biomarkers, and optimizing treatment. Highlighting advances in pharmacogenomics, pharmacometabolomics, and pharmacoepigenomics in the integration of those data for T2D patients, its applications face limitations, including standards for data, among others ethical issues. Notwithstanding, precision medicine sounds to be a revolutionized approach to application with respect to T2D management when interventions are tailored to specific interventions based on the possible profiles that individuals were known molecularly.